《Language in use》My future life PPT课件2

Read these sentences and think about their structures. 

I know that you will be better at maths.

These roses are to thank three groups of people for the three most important things that I have learnt.

I give the white rose to my teachers, who have taught me that there is no success without effort.

I’m sure that you all have your own memories about the happiness of the last three years, and the people whom you want to thank for it.

Attributive Clause

This is the film which I saw last night.

Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .

This is the film whose name is Titanic .

The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . 

Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film . 

定语从句在句中作定语, 用来修饰某个名词或代词, 这个名词或代词叫先行词, 而定语从句位于先行词的后面。

用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。

关系词分关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)和关系副词(when, where, why)。

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that引导的定语从句

that引导定语从句时, 既可以指人, 也可以指物, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。

He is a person that does what he says.   

(person是先行词, that在从句中作主语)

他是一个说话算数的人。

The cat that I bought yesterday is ill. 

(cat是先行词, that在从句中作宾语)

我昨天买的那只猫病了。 

who引导的定语从句 

who引导定语从句时只能指人, 在从句中可以作主语或宾语。

A friend who helps you when you have trouble is a real friend. 

(friend是先行词, who在从句中作主语)

在你有困难时帮助你的朋友才是真正的朋友。   

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1.Complete the sentences using which, that, who or whom.

Finger food is the food 

which we eat with our fingers

A handbag is a small bag 

which women use to carry their things

School- leavers are young people 

who are leaving school

2.Look at the picture and the menu. Discuss the questions.

① How do you know that the party is international?

I think the party is international because the food is international.

② Why are the people cheering?

I think the people are cheering because they are happy about what the speaker is saying.

③ What do you think the person making a speech is saying?

I think the speaker is saying that now the speech is over and it is time to eat!

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根据句意, 用正确的关系代词填空。

1. He is the man ______ is ready to help others. 

2. The girl ____________ I spoke to just now is my friend. 

3. The dress _______ you bought in the city mall is made of silk.

4. Bill likes music ________ he can sing along with. 

5. This is the village __________ I used to live in.

6. Women always like buying many things_________ they don’t need at all. 

7. I’m studying a subject_________ I am very interested in.

8. The girl with _______ I went shopping yesterday is my cousin.

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Object clause

一、宾语从句的概念

宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg:  

We know Mr Green teaches English. 

She asked if these answers were right.

二、宾语从句三要素

引导词（连接词）

语   序

时   态

三、引导宾语从句的词有：

(1) 连词that (在口语中that常可省略）。如：

He knows (that) Jim will work hard.

在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。

1). 从句的主语是that。如：

He says that that is a real king’s hat.

他说那是一个真的王冠。

2).  that从句中含有主从复合句。如：

I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.

3). 主、从句之间有插入语时。如：

It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays in ancient times.

卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。

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1.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。如：

I don’t know when will he leave.  (误)

I don’t know when ____  ____ leave.  (正) 

2.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应，即：当主句谓语动词是过去式时，从句中谓语动词也应是过去范畴的时态，但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律，其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时，如：(注意下列句子中从句的时态和语序)

He asked who could answer the question.

My father told me that the earth ______ (go) round the sun.

3.当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中。另外，当主句主语为第一人称时，后面若接附加疑问句(即反意疑问句)，那么附加疑问句应疑问在从句上，其他人称疑问在主句上，如：

I don't think he looks like his father, __________?

They think he looks like his father,  ___________?

We suppose Lucy has been to Dalian,__________?

4.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句，直接引语是引述别人的原话，放在引号内，不用连词联接（如, She said, “I’m a student.”）；间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话，通常用连接词与主句联接（如, She said that she is thirteen）。直接引语的宾语从句可变为间接引语的宾语从句。

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Join the sentences.

1. Where did Sally work last year? Do you know?

2. When did he buy the nice car? Can you tell me?

3. Where does she live? I don’t know.

4. 'What did you say just now?' I asked Jim.

5. When will he come back home? Please tell me.

宾语从句与定语从句的区别

宾语从句相当于宾语，只是以一个句子的形式出现；而定语从句相当于形容词，用来修饰名词或代词。

宾语从句是做宾语的，一般是在动词或者介词后面；定语从句放在名词或代词的后面。

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(       )1. — Excuse me. Could you tell me ____ ?

— It will leave at 4:00 p.m. (2011盐城)

A. how will you go Shanghai     B. how you will go to Shanghai

C. when will the bus leave for Shanghai D. when the bus will leave for Shanghai

(      )2. I don’t know the girl in red. Could you tell me _______? (2011湖北黄石)

A. what is her name  B. how old is she

C. who is she   D. where she comes from

(      )3. —Do you know the kid with ______ Bob is talking over there? 

—Yes, it’s my cousin. (2011湖北黄石)

A. who    B. that    C. 不填    D. whom

(      )4. --- Can you tell me _____ it is from home to school?

--- Sure. It’s about three kilometers. (2011襄阳)

A. how much    B. how long   

C. how far     D. how soon

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