《We've got lots of apples》PPT课件2

Fruit guessing: Magic cards

There are many pictures about fruit. Can you guess what I have got?

Remember: 

Please ask me “Have you got any …?”.

Rabbits like them very much. 

They’re usually orange. 

And they’re full of nutrition (营养丰富), but kids don’t like them. 

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可数名词与不可数名词 

普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,　family 等)。 

如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。 

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可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：

1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：

book → books      room → rooms

house → houses   day → days

2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如：

bus → buses          glass → glasses

watch → watches 

dish → dishes       box → boxes

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：

city → cities    body → bodies 

factory → factories

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不可数名词 

1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：

The food is very fresh.　食品很新鲜。

2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。如：

water (水) → waters (水域) 

orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)

3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，意义大多不发生变化。如：

fruit → fruits    food → foods

fish → fishes     hair → hairs

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Practice 

1. How many ________ (sheep) are there on the hill?

2. There is some ________ (food) in the basket.

3. The baby has only two ________ (tooth) now.

4. There is a lot of ________ (water) in the bottle.

5. There are five ________ (people ) in his family.

6. Let's take ________ (photo), OK? 

7. I have lots of ________ (tomato) here.

8. The ______ (leaf) on the tree turn yellow.

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Listen and decide true or false.

1. They’ve got some milk.

2. They haven’t got any meat.

3. They haven’t got  any coffee.

4. They have got some cola.

5. They haven’t got some tea.

... ... ...

some和any

some和any可用作形容词，都意为“一些”，用来修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。

那么这两个词之间有什么区别呢？

I have ______ books in English.

They can’t see ________ juice in the bottle.

Has Amy got ________ friends at school?

Can I drink _____ water, Mum?

We can ask ________ questions in our Chinese class. 

意为“一些”时，some常用于肯定句，any常用于否定句和疑问句。但当any意为“任何一个（一些）”，起强调作用时，用于肯定句中。

If there is any trouble, please let me know. 

在表示请求、建议或期望得到对方的肯定回答的疑问句中，要用some，此种情况多用于Can I ...? / Would you like ...?的句型中。

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Exercises 

用适当的单词形式填空。

1.Too much ________ (巧克力) is bad for your healthy.

2.Help yourself to some __________ (西红柿).

3.Please give me a kilo of ______ (牛肉).

4.There is  _____ (一个) onion in the bag.

5.The rabbits love eating ________ (胡萝卜). 

6.We have got some ________（果汁).

7.Apples, pears are ________（水果).

8.Has he got a  bottle of ____ (牛奶)？

9.They haven’t got ______ (一些) beef.

10.He ______ (喝) the water.

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Homework 

1. Remember all the new words and expressions we’ve learned today.

2. Write something about what you  have got and what you haven’t got. 

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